If the speed of a vehicle doubles, what does the stopping distance do?

When the speed of a vehicle doubles, the stopping distance quadruples due to the physics of motion. Stopping distance comprises both the reaction distance (the distance covered from the moment a driver perceives a need to stop until they apply the brakes) and the braking distance (the distance it takes to come to a complete stop after brakes are applied).

The relationship between speed and braking distance is governed by the formula for kinetic energy, which states that energy is proportional to the square of the velocity. Therefore, if the speed is doubled, the energy to be dissipated in order to stop the vehicle is four times greater (since (2^2 = 4)). This increased energy requirement translates into a longer braking distance, confirming that if the speed doubles, the stopping distance indeed quadruples.

Understanding this principle is critical for drivers and law enforcement officers, as it emphasizes the importance of maintaining safe speeds, particularly in environments where stopping quickly is essential for safety.