Which of the following drugs can cause severe dependency with withdrawal symptoms?

Heroin is known to cause severe dependency with notable withdrawal symptoms. As an opiate, it interacts with the brain’s reward system, creating intense feelings of euphoria and pain relief. However, with prolonged use, the body becomes physically dependent on the drug. When heroin use is stopped, individuals may experience withdrawal symptoms such as anxiety, nausea, sweating, and intense cravings, which can be quite severe and uncomfortable.

While other substances like nicotine can also lead to dependency and withdrawal symptoms, the severity and nature of heroin's impact on the body typically result in a more intense withdrawal experience. Nicotine tends to have milder withdrawal symptoms compared to those associated with heroin. Caffeine can lead to withdrawal, but again, the symptoms are generally less severe than those experienced with heroin. MDMA, while it affects mood and perception, does not generally lead to severe physical withdrawal symptoms comparable to those of heroin. Thus, heroin is uniquely characterized by the severity of both its dependency and withdrawal effects.